In reality, however, the majority of Aboriginal people live in cities (51%) such as Winnipeg (78,420), Edmonton (61,765), Vancouver (52,375) or Montreal (26,280). They make up 4.3% of the Canadian population. The First Nations (Cree, Innu, Mohawk, etc.) are made up of 61% Aboriginal people, 32% Métis and 4% Inuit.
This map cannot identify the 600 Indigenous communities in Canada. However, it does give you a good insight into the places where those who have inhabited this land for thousands of years live. Click on the provinces or territories to find out who the Indigenous peoples are living there.
Indigenous peoples across Canada are riding the wind of youth: the average age is 27, compared to 41 for non-Indigenous people. They also have more babies than other Canadians: the Aboriginal population grew by 232,385 people (or 20%) between 2006 and 2011, compared to the 5% growth seen among non-Aboriginal people.
This is not the only type of inequality. Indigenous people earn less, receive less money for education and health, are more likely to go to prison and die earlier than non-indigenous people.
The Indian Act, which was first passed in 1876 and large parts of which – such as the administration of reserves or structures such as band councils – have been preserved to this day, applies to the First Nations. A law that treats indigenous peoples as minors.
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