In addition to the constitutional monarchy, which is one of the foundations of Canada’s political system, Canada is also a parliamentary democracy. The three powers (legislative, executive and judiciary) are thus clearly separated:

• Legislative Power belongs to Parliament and is held by the Governor-General, who represents the Sovereign, MPs, and Senators.
• The Executive Branch, the Government of Canadais also represented by the Governor General, but also (and above all) by the Prime Minister and the Cabinet
• The judiciary consists of nine judges appointed by the governor general and which constitute the Supreme Court of Canada.

Canada is also a federal state made up of ten provinces and three territories. The political system thus differs in many respects from the French political organization.

The various branches of the Canadian government

Different orders form the state government, three exactly. The federal government regulates matters that affect the whole country, such as foreign policy, citizenship, defense… and many other matters. The various provincial and territorial governments are responsible for issues related to health care, education and highways.. Finally, the local or municipal administrations manage the communes (towns and villages) according to a system more or less similar to ours. In other words, they deal with local affairs that directly affect the respective city or municipality. This may include road maintenance, snow removal, related issues waste recyclingEtc. The Federal Government is thus the representation of the state as a whole, both internally and externally..

representatives of the federal government

The sovereign of Canada today is His Majesty King Charles III, who succeeded him Queen Elizabeth the second. In practice, the sovereign’s powers are limited and delegated to the Prime Minister and his ministers. The latter is thus the head of government and represents the political party that won the most seats in the so-called lower house. Justin Trudeau has been leading Canada since October 2015. He was appointed by the Governor-General and represents the Crown at the federal and international levels. The Governor-General exercises various official functions such as convening or dissolving Parliament. He also gives royal assent to bills introduced by Parliament and is Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Army.

Why is Quebec no longer part of France?

During the war ofseven years“especially 1663 Quebec, then named by Samuel de Champlain”New Francefalls into the hands of the British. But long before that, especially in the 17th century, French immigration began Canada, in particular Quebec took a more intense turn thanks Louis XIV who wanted to expand French territory across the Atlantic. But after the war of the Setp years, a treaty is signed and metropolitan France loses Quebec. So even if many Quebecers on the territory are French, the English inherit the territory of Quebec and live with the French population.

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